What is formed when multiple food chains interconnect?
Energy pyramid
Trophic loop
Scavenger network
Food web
. Which of the following is the smallest unit of classification in an ecosystem?
Population
Biological community
Biotic population
Individual
Which of the following is an example of mutualism?
Two plants competing for sunlight
A bird eating insects from a crocodile’s teeth
Bees pollinating flowers while collecting nectar
A lion hunting a zebra
What happens to the energy when it moves from one trophic level to the next?
90% of energy is lost
The energy doubles
All energy is transferred
Energy stays constant
. What is the relationship called when two individuals of the same species compete for limited food?
Symbiosis
Interspecific competition
Intraspecific competition
Predation
What is the process of using living organisms to control agricultural pests called?
Biological control
Sustainable farming
Natural selection
Genetic modification
In mutualism, how do the interacting species affect each other?
Both are harmed
One benefits, the other is unaffected
Both benefit
One benefits, the other is harmed
Which of the following is always the first trophic level in a food chain?
Producer
Carnivore
Herbivore
Decomposer
. What is a biotic population?
The various populations of different species living in the same environment
A group of individuals from different species
An individual organism from a species
A group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area at the same time
What type of teeth are most herbivorous animals, like the horse, adapted with?
Incisors for cutting plants
Sharp canines
Teeth for tearing prey
Flat molars
What are organisms that feed on dead remains called?
Scavengers
Producers
Parasites
Decomposers
If primary consumers increase, what happens to producers?
Become omnivores
Stay the same
Decrease
Increase
Where is the top predator located in the energy pyramid?
Apex
Base
Not included
Middle
Which teeth are most prominent in carnivores like lions for tearing prey?
Molars
Canines
Incisors
Premolars
What is the role of the bees in the mutualistic relationship with plant flowers?
Bees compete for nectar with other bees
Bees protect the flowers from predators
Bees are harmed by the flowers
Bees transfer pollen grains, promoting floral reproduction
What happens if an organism is removed from a balanced ecosystem?
Only decomposers are affected
Immediate collapse of all food webs
No effect on other organisms
Disruption or destruction of ecological balance
How much energy is transferred from one level to the next in the energy pyramid?
50%
10%
100%
90%
What are decomposers responsible for in an ecosystem?
Consuming herbivores
Breaking down organic substances in dead organisms
Producing food for other organisms
Eating both plants and animals
Which of the following describes a biological community?
A single living organism
Living and non-living components interacting
Only abiotic factors in an area
Different populations of species living in the same environment
Which nutritional relationship benefits one organism while harming the other?
Mutualism
Competition
Commensalism
Where is the greatest amount of energy found in the energy pyramid?
At the top of the pyramid
At the middle of the pyramid
At the secondary consumers level
At the base of the pyramid
. Which organism occupies the first trophic level in a food chain?
Carnivores
Herbivores
. Which of the following animals is known as an omnivore?
Eagle
Lion
Bear
Horse
In commensalism, how are the two organisms affected?
Both are unaffected
Which of the following is an example of predation?
Two individuals of the same species fighting over food
A bird feeding on leftovers from a crocodile’s teeth
An animal eating another animal for food
Bees extracting nectar from flowers
What type of relationship exists when two individuals compete for limited food resources?
Which of the following is an example of biological control?
Using pesticides to kill insects
Irrigating fields with chemicals
Cutting down infected plants
Using ladybugs to eat aphids
What is the result of the absence of a species in a balanced ecosystem?
The remaining organisms in the food chain may be disrupted
The ecosystem adapts and maintains balance
All organisms thrive without the species
Only producers are affected
What results from a lack of food sources in an ecosystem?
Increased competition
More energy for all
Increased cooperation
Reduced competition
. What is the role of scavengers in the ecosystem?
They are primary producers
They feed on the remains of dead organisms
They break down organic substances in the soil
They feed on both plants and animals
A decrease in secondary consumers would lead to:
Fewer tertiary consumers
More primary consumers
Both a and b
More producers
What is the main source of energy for all living organisms on Earth?
Sun
Water
Wind
Soil
What is a food web?
A list of producers and consumers
A network of interconnected food chains
A diagram showing energy transfer in a food chain
A single food chain
What is the fundamental unit in the classification of living organisms?
Species
Ecosystem
Community
What is the role of the energy pyramid in an ecosystem?
It represents the energy flow and amounts between trophic levels
It illustrates competition in the food chain
It tracks nutrient cycling in ecosystems
It shows the number of organisms at each trophic level
Which of the following is an example of a scavenger?
Ladybug
Hyena
What is a group of individuals of the same species living in the same place at the same time called?
Biotic factor
What happens when a food source becomes scarce in an ecosystem?
The ecosystem remains unchanged
Species will adapt quickly without competition
Competition among living organisms increases
Energy flow is unaffected
What is the path of energy transfer in the form of food from one organism to another called?
Trophic cycle
Energy cycle
Food chain
What happens in a competitive relationship between two individuals of the same species?
Both individuals benefit without causing harm to each other
Both individuals compete for a limited food source, negatively impacting their growth or survival
They both benefit from each other
One individual benefits and the other is harmed
What are decomposers responsible for?
Competing with producers for resources
Breaking down dead organisms into simpler substances
Hunting prey for food
Producing energy from sunlight
What happens if the number of primary consumers increases?
The number of tertiary consumers decreases
The number of secondary consumers decreases
The number of producers increases
The number of producers decreases and secondary consumers increase
What do we call organisms that eat both plants and animals?
Omnivores
What is the main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem?
Air
What is a trophic level?
A type of consumer in the food chain
A stage where energy is transferred in the food chain
A level for decomposers
A level of producers in an ecosystem
What is the path of energy transfer from one organism to another called?
Nutrient loop
Energy web
What happens to the remaining 90% of energy not transferred to the next level?
Stored forever
Recycled by decomposers
Converted to sunlight
Lost as heat or used for metabolism
Which of the following is an example of commensalism?
A tapeworm living inside a human intestine
Wolves hunting deer
Egyptian plover birds cleaning a crocodile’s teeth
fungi and algae forming lichen
What does the term "ecosystem" refer to?
Only living organisms
Only non-living components like water and air
Both living organisms and non-living components like water, air, and soil
Only the interactions between species
Which relationship benefits one organism without harming the other?