Which of the following describes a biological community?
Only abiotic factors in an area
Living and non-living components interacting
Different populations of species living in the same environment
A single living organism
What results from a lack of food sources in an ecosystem?
Reduced competition
More energy for all
Increased cooperation
Increased competition
What is the path of energy transfer from one organism to another called?
Trophic cycle
Nutrient loop
Energy web
Food chain
What is a group of individuals of the same species living in the same place at the same time called?
Community
Ecosystem
Population
Biotic factor
. What is the role of scavengers in the ecosystem?
They feed on both plants and animals
They break down organic substances in the soil
They feed on the remains of dead organisms
They are primary producers
What is the role of the bees in the mutualistic relationship with plant flowers?
Bees compete for nectar with other bees
Bees protect the flowers from predators
Bees transfer pollen grains, promoting floral reproduction
Bees are harmed by the flowers
What happens to the remaining 90% of energy not transferred to the next level?
Stored forever
Converted to sunlight
Lost as heat or used for metabolism
Recycled by decomposers
What does the term "ecosystem" refer to?
Only non-living components like water and air
Only living organisms
Only the interactions between species
Both living organisms and non-living components like water, air, and soil
What is the fundamental unit in the classification of living organisms?
Species
Where is the greatest amount of energy found in the energy pyramid?
At the secondary consumers level
At the base of the pyramid
At the top of the pyramid
At the middle of the pyramid
Which relationship benefits one organism without harming the other?
Mutualism
Predation
Competition
Commensalism
What is the main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem?
Air
Soil
Water
Sun
What is the main source of energy for all living organisms on Earth?
Wind
. Which organism occupies the first trophic level in a food chain?
Decomposers
Carnivores
Producers
Herbivores
What happens when a food source becomes scarce in an ecosystem?
The ecosystem remains unchanged
Competition among living organisms increases
Species will adapt quickly without competition
Energy flow is unaffected
What are organisms that feed on dead remains called?
Parasites
Scavengers
What is the process of using living organisms to control agricultural pests called?
Sustainable farming
Genetic modification
Natural selection
Biological control
. Which of the following animals is known as an omnivore?
Bear
Eagle
Lion
Horse
What are decomposers responsible for?
Producing energy from sunlight
Breaking down dead organisms into simpler substances
Hunting prey for food
Competing with producers for resources
In mutualism, how do the interacting species affect each other?
Both are harmed
One benefits, the other is unaffected
Both benefit
One benefits, the other is harmed
How much energy is transferred from one level to the next in the energy pyramid?
90%
50%
10%
100%
Which teeth are most prominent in carnivores like lions for tearing prey?
Molars
Canines
Premolars
Incisors
A decrease in secondary consumers would lead to:
Fewer tertiary consumers
More primary consumers
Both a and b
More producers
Where is the top predator located in the energy pyramid?
Not included
Middle
Apex
Base
What happens if an organism is removed from a balanced ecosystem?
Disruption or destruction of ecological balance
Immediate collapse of all food webs
Only decomposers are affected
No effect on other organisms
If primary consumers increase, what happens to producers?
Decrease
Increase
Stay the same
Become omnivores
Which of the following is an example of commensalism?
Egyptian plover birds cleaning a crocodile’s teeth
A tapeworm living inside a human intestine
Wolves hunting deer
fungi and algae forming lichen
Which of the following is an example of mutualism?
A bird eating insects from a crocodile’s teeth
Two plants competing for sunlight
Bees pollinating flowers while collecting nectar
A lion hunting a zebra
Which of the following is always the first trophic level in a food chain?
Decomposer
Producer
Carnivore
Herbivore
What happens in a competitive relationship between two individuals of the same species?
Both individuals benefit without causing harm to each other
Both individuals compete for a limited food source, negatively impacting their growth or survival
One individual benefits and the other is harmed
They both benefit from each other
What type of relationship exists when two individuals compete for limited food resources?
What is a trophic level?
A level of producers in an ecosystem
A type of consumer in the food chain
A stage where energy is transferred in the food chain
A level for decomposers
What happens if the number of primary consumers increases?
The number of tertiary consumers decreases
The number of producers increases
The number of producers decreases and secondary consumers increase
The number of secondary consumers decreases
What is formed when multiple food chains interconnect?
Food web
Trophic loop
Scavenger network
Energy pyramid
. Which of the following is the smallest unit of classification in an ecosystem?
Individual
Biotic population
Biological community
. What is a biotic population?
A group of individuals from different species
A group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area at the same time
An individual organism from a species
The various populations of different species living in the same environment
Which of the following is an example of biological control?
Using ladybugs to eat aphids
Irrigating fields with chemicals
Using pesticides to kill insects
Cutting down infected plants
What is a food web?
A single food chain
A diagram showing energy transfer in a food chain
A network of interconnected food chains
A list of producers and consumers
What is the result of the absence of a species in a balanced ecosystem?
All organisms thrive without the species
The remaining organisms in the food chain may be disrupted
The ecosystem adapts and maintains balance
Only producers are affected
What is the role of the energy pyramid in an ecosystem?
It illustrates competition in the food chain
It tracks nutrient cycling in ecosystems
It represents the energy flow and amounts between trophic levels
It shows the number of organisms at each trophic level
Which of the following is an example of a scavenger?
Hyena
Ladybug
Which nutritional relationship benefits one organism while harming the other?
Which of the following is an example of predation?
An animal eating another animal for food
Bees extracting nectar from flowers
Two individuals of the same species fighting over food
A bird feeding on leftovers from a crocodile’s teeth
What do we call organisms that eat both plants and animals?
Omnivores
What are decomposers responsible for in an ecosystem?
Producing food for other organisms
Breaking down organic substances in dead organisms
Eating both plants and animals
Consuming herbivores
What is the path of energy transfer in the form of food from one organism to another called?
Energy cycle
What happens to the energy when it moves from one trophic level to the next?
Energy stays constant
90% of energy is lost
All energy is transferred
The energy doubles
In commensalism, how are the two organisms affected?
Both are unaffected
What type of teeth are most herbivorous animals, like the horse, adapted with?
Teeth for tearing prey
Sharp canines
Incisors for cutting plants
Flat molars
. What is the relationship called when two individuals of the same species compete for limited food?
Symbiosis
Interspecific competition
Intraspecific competition