Fats are used in the body of a living organism mainly for:
Cooling the body
Building muscles and tissues
Transmitting genetic traits
Energy storage
When a substance gains thermal energy, the speed of its particles:
Remains constant and does not change
Increases and their motion accelerates
Decreases and their motion slows down
) Stops completely
The conversion of complex food into simple, easily absorbed substances is called:
The process of digestion
The process of excretion
The process of respiration
The process of circulation
A deficiency of vitamin C in a person's daily diet leads to:
Hair loss and dry skin
Poor vision and night blindness
Bleeding gums and weakened immunity
Soft bones and easy fractures
The reaction of an acid with a base to produce a salt and water is called:
Chemical decomposition
Chemical neutralization
Chemical combustion
Chemical exchange
In the photosynthesis equation: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂, if the plant consumes 12 water molecules, how many oxygen molecules are produced?
18 molecules
24 molecules
6 molecules
12 molecules
A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed is called:
The solid precipitate formed
The continuous liquid solvent
A sensitive colorimetric reagent
A catalytic agent (catalyst)
Dietary fibers found in vegetables and fruits help in:
Building chemical hormones
Rapidly increasing body weight
Colouring red blood cells
Improving the daily digestion process
The transfer of heat in liquids and gases through the movement of molecules is called:
Long-distance thermal radiation
Continuous thermal convection
Direct thermal conduction
Strong kinetic friction
A gas is released as a byproduct of the photosynthesis process, which is:
Oxygen
Methane
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
The sun's energy reaches us through outer space primarily via:
Direct thermal contact
Physical thermal conduction
) Gaseous thermal convection
Wave-like thermal radiation
Melting occurs when the particles of a substance gain enough energy to:
Increase the bonding forces between them
Stop the movement of particles
Overcome the attractive forces
Reduce the intermolecular spaces
During photosynthesis, light energy is converted into:
Visible magnetic energy
Mechanical kinetic energy
Stored chemical energy
Audible sound energy
Most stages of cellular respiration for energy production occur inside organelles called:
The outer cell wall
The powerful mitochondria
The small ribosomes of the cell
The internal cytoplasm of the cell
The relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration ensures:
A balance in gas ratios
A constant increase in carbon
A complete depletion of oxygen
The stoppage of material cycles
Which of the following materials is considered a complex carbohydrate?
White rice powder
Fine table sugar
Pure olive oil
Rock salt
Gases are distinguished from liquids and solids by their high ability to:
Be compressed into a small space
Maintain their own shape
Cohere with very strong forces
Vibrate in a fixed position
The green pigment that absorbs light in plants is called:
Dark melanin
Green chlorophyll
Red hemoglobin
Colored carotenoids
A chemical equation consists of two sides always separated by:
A period
An arrow
An equals sign
A comma
Transforming matter from the gaseous state to the liquid state is called:
The process of fusion by heat
The process of rapid evaporation
The process of condensation by cooling
The process of freezing by cooling
The primary function of mitochondria in the cell is:
Producing energy for the cell
Carrying out photosynthesis
Storing water and salts
Controlling cell division
The particles of a solid move continuously but in the form of:
Rapid rotational motion
Localized vibrational motion
Rapid random motion
Extensive translational motion
According to the particle theory, the particles of a single substance are:
Visible to the naked eye
Exactly identical in their properties
Completely stationary
Completely different from each other
he total energy stored within the particles that make up matter is called:
Static electrical energy
Potential chemical energy
The total mechanical energy
The internal energy of matter
The breakdown of food molecules to produce energy inside the cell is called:
The process of plant transpiration
The process of cellular respiration
The simple process of fermentation
The process of photosynthesis
The main and fast source for obtaining energy in the human body is:
Heavy saturated fats
Strong animal proteins
Essential mineral salts
Simple, easy carbohydrates
Heat is transferred in liquids through currents called:
Radiation currents
Conduction currents
Convection currents
Diffusion currents
The substances we start a reaction with, found on the left side of the equation, are:
The assisting catalytic agents
The final products
The resulting soluble salts
The initial reactants
Aerobic cellular respiration primarily requires the presence of:
Carbon dioxide
What is the name of the compounds formed from the union of monosaccharides?
Complex carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
Diverse proteins
Oily lipids
Which of the following states of matter is characterized by having a fixed shape and a definite volume?
Liquid state
Solid state
Gaseous state
Plasma state
The process of cellular respiration consumes glucose and produces energy along with:
Oxygen gas and liquid water
Carbon dioxide and water
Alcohol and mineral salts
Nitrogen gas and atmospheric dust
Which of the following elements is considered an important mineral salt for the body?
Calcium
Carbon
The element iron is very essential in the human body for the formation of:
Protection of the thin cell membrane
Strong bones and teeth
The plant cell wall
Hemoglobin in the blood
The plasma state is a distinct state of matter found prominently in:
Mountains and icy peaks
Stars and lightning phenomena
Oceans and deep seas
The rocky interior of the Earth
A chemical reaction that releases heat to the surroundings is called:
A simple reversible reaction
An endothermic reaction
An exothermic reaction
A thermally neutral reaction
The main location where photosynthesis occurs in plants is:
Roots
Leaves
Stems
Flowers
The cellular organelles responsible for the process of light absorption in plants are:
Chloroplasts in the cell
The central nucleus of the cell
Large vacuoles
Mitochondria in the cell
Proteins are made up of very small basic building blocks called:
Simple monosaccharides
Different amino acids
Large fatty acids
Water-soluble vitamins
Transforming matter from the liquid state to the gaseous state is called:
Condensation
Evaporation
Freezing
Boiling
4g of (A) reacted with 6g of (B), producing 9g of (C). What is the mass of product (D)?
2g
3g
1g
4g
Breaking bonds in the reactants and forming new bonds in the products is called:
The simple process of dissolution
The process of physical fusion
A real chemical reaction
Physical shape change
When heat transfers between two bodies, the transfer stops when:
Their temperatures become equal
Their temperatures are different
The mass of the hot body decreases
The volume of the cold body increases
Dust particles move randomly in the air in a motion known as:
Thermal diffusion phenomenon
Kinetic conduction phenomenon
Optical radiation phenomenon
Random Brownian motion
The main product of photosynthesis that stores chemical energy is:
Simple glucose sugar
Dissolved mineral salts
Liquid water molecules
Carbon dioxide gas
If an object's temperature is 20°C, what is its value in Kelvin (K)?
253
293
273
313
A chemical equation must always be balanced to comply with the law of:
Conservation of energy
Conservation of mass
Earth's gravity
Action and reaction
The gas that plants absorb from the air to carry out photosynthesis is:
Inert nitrogen gas
C) D)
Pure oxygen gas
Heat is transferred in solid metal objects primarily through:
Thermal convection
Thermal diffusion
Thermal conduction
Thermal radiation
The intermolecular spaces between the particles of matter are greatest in:
The diffused gaseous state
The cohesive solid state
The flowing liquid state
The frozen cold state